Military recruiting law fiercely argued at Supreme Court

Solomon Amendment continues to incite university responses

· December 7, 2005, 5:00 am

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Lawyers involved in a hotly contested case over military recruiting and gay rights on college campuses made their final arguments before the Supreme Court yesterday.

A group of law schools working together under the name Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights filed the FAIR v. Rumsfeld case against the Department of Defense are challenging the Solomon Amendment -- a law that allows the federal government to restrict funding for universities that bar military recruiters from campus.

Lawyers for FAIR argued that by forcing schools to adhere to military policy, the Solomon Amendment violates the universities' First Amendment rights and that the law is therefore unconstitutional.

Penn, whose Law School is not part of FAIR, also opposes the amendment, saying that the military's "don't ask, don't tell" policy regarding homosexuality requires Penn to violate to its own nondiscrimination policy.

The FAIR ruling will likely bear heavily on the outcome of a separate case filed by Penn Law professors challenging the law.

According to Penn's Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Center Director Bob Schoenberg, the chance that FAIR will win is slim.

"You don't have anybody that is very optimistic that the [law] will be struck down," he said.

Penn submitted an amicus curiae brief along with six other institutions in September supporting FAIR's case, which was first filed in 2003 and was taken on by the Supreme Court this year.

The Penn Law case -- currently pending in appellate court and led by Penn Law professor Stephen Burbank -- is based on an argument that stands independent of the FAIR decision.

According to Penn Law professor David Rudovsky, who is also plaintiff in the Burbank case, if FAIR wins at the Supreme Court, then Burbank wins. If FAIR loses, there is still a chance that Burbank might win in a lower court.

Penn General Counsel Wendy White said that under the Solomon Amendment, Penn is coerced into violating its own nondiscrimination policy, denying the University free-speech rights.

If Penn opted to ignore the Solomon Amendment and forfeit federal funding, it would lose over $400 million annually -- money crucial for its research.

"The University will have a very big decision to make" if FAIR loses, Schoenberg said.

University President Amy Gutmann, however, said that Penn will remain in compliance with the Solomon Amendment if the statute is upheld.

FAIR lawyer Joshua Rosenkranz echoed many of Penn's arguments yesterday before the Supreme Court, saying that the Solomon Amendment violates the First Amendment rights of American universities.

In a move that many agree may cost FAIR the case, Rosenkranz directly contradicted the arguments in another amicus brief submitted in favor of FAIR's own side.

He argued that it is a violation of the Solomon Amendment for schools to issue a blanket rejection of discriminatory employers.

For the Defense Department, lawyer Paul Clement argued that the military has a right to preferential access to college campuses because the government pays for significant university research. Recruiters deserve equal access to students as a result, he said.

The Supreme Court will likely not rule on the FAIR case until June, according to White.

High court hearing - The Supreme Court heard arguments in a case involving military recruiters on college campuses - The law in question, the Solomon Amendment, requires colleges to admit recruiters or lose federal money - Separate case filed by Penn profs will likely be affected by court's decision, which will probably not be handed down until July

Comments (7)

Reader

December 31, 1969, 7:00 pm

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Finally, good to see that these left wing liberals who sit on the high moral high horse come back down to Earth. That 400$ million walks the walk, and all the cry babies about the "don't ask, don't tell" policy can continue to cry. Not to poke a stick at anyone...but honestly how many homosexuals are wanting to join the military any how? Not that they do not have a right to join. I believe anyone willing to serve in the military should, and deserves our respect. But if you know the atomsphere of anti-homosexuality why submit yourself to it? Its like walking past 40th after midnight with a Prada bag and diamond laden Rolex...your gonna get hurt. CommonSense, Marketing DFW

Reader

December 31, 1969, 7:00 pm

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This case should be a slam dunk. Government, under its spending power, is allowed to put any reasonable restrictions it wants on that spending. There is nothing unreasonable about requiring schools to simply allow military recruiters onto school grounds. Further, this isn't about free speech. Barring or permitting a recruiter onto campus isn't speech- that's an action. Nobody's saying these law schools can't put up signs or demonstrate or anything like that. Finally, who is this mindless demonstration of not allowing military recruiters helping? Law schools have a duty to help students get jobs. By barring recruiters, that is a whole avenue of jobs, in an ever decreasing legal job market, that are unavailable to students. Its just another mindless ploy in our culture war, and the uber-agressive homosexual agenda. I hope our new Roberts Court puts these loons in their place. Roman, Nova law philly

Reader

December 31, 1969, 7:00 pm

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CommonSense disavows common knowledge -- You state "Not that they do not have a right to join." Perhaps you mean not that they SHOULD not have a right to join, because an openly gay citizen does NOT have the right to join the army. In practice, there are many gay soldiers, including a personal friend of mine. From what I gather, most in his platoon are aware of his sexuality and don't care -- but if his case were to be referred, he would be barred from service. The fact is that the army, and his platoon, needs him a heck of lot of more than he needs them, and that's why his "secret" is safe for now. The Solomon amendment forces universities to violate their own discrimination policies. If Merrill Lynch refused to hire women or gays or blacks, they would be prohibited from having a presence at many university sponsored job-fairs, and rightly so. The simplest solution to this so-called controversy would be for the army simply to stop discriminating... end of story. As much as the right-wing shills want to make this a case about liberals hating the military (despite the chicken-hawk status of most leading conservatives in today's gov't), this is not. I, for one, would gladly support the Army's right to recruit at open university job fairs -- provided they adhere to the same standards and practices that all of the recruiting organizations (public and private) are also held to. I am a proud liberal, and proud of my family and friends who are risking their lives to make the world a better place, both the Democrats and Republicans among them. This does not mean that I, or even many of those serving, cannot criticize a war, disagree with a policy, or expect our government to hold itself to the same level of non-discrimination standards that most of the developed world has embraced. NYC Alumn '02

Reader

December 31, 1969, 7:00 pm

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Roman u should prob note the test for the constitutionality of congress' spending power... that is... it can not use those powers to coerce such action deemed contrary to the constitution gtown law, 1L dc

Reader

December 31, 1969, 7:00 pm

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Nobody's saying you can't disagree with the war or with the government's "don't ask, dont tell policy". Nobody's saying law schools can't either. If they want to hold the government up to their stricter anti-discrimination standards, then they sure can. But when doing so, if they prevent the army from putting recruiters in the law schools, then the government may similarly respond. By not giving the law school money. Why would the government give law school money, which it is not required to do, if a law school wants to prevent one of the government's arms from recruiting employees? Is the government supposed to be left toothless? Is it supposed to be required to give out handouts to every one and place no qualifications on those handouts? No. As I said before, the Government has a right to place conditions on its spending power. Roman, Nova law Philly

Reader

December 31, 1969, 7:00 pm

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Gtown law: And what part of the constitution is Congress trying to coerce violation of? Roman, Nova law philly

Reader

December 31, 1969, 7:00 pm

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Roman, no one is seeking to actively bar military recruiters from campus...but what law schools do is that they assist employers in setting up meetings with students, some put them up in hotels, etc. Military recruiters would still be allowed to recruit students, just without direct assistance from the law schools. Gtown law is saying that law schools have anti-discriminatory policies in place that govern their relationships with the recruiters on campus. By threatening to withold money--not just from the law school but from the ENTIRE UNIVERSITY--the Department of Defense is essentially coercing the law schools to help the recruiters directly. In forcing the law schools to do this, the Department of Defense is forcing them to violate their own anti-discrimination policies and views on equality...that is where the First Amendment issue enters the picture. And it is not a matter of a quid pro quo, with federal dollars as an incentive, because private universities have been receiving federal funding for many years. The Solomon Amendment of 1996 allows the government to threaten witholdingof money as a punishment, something which, as gtown law points out, they do not have the right to do. This is certainly not, as you say, "another mindless ploy in the culture was," but a legitimate debate over the rights of private institutions to practice their own policies. Penn '09

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